Emory mcclintock



s @uitritv tutee atrat @fitta EMORY MCGLINTOCK, OF NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY.

Letters Patent No. 70,590, dated Novcmer 5, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM ENGINES.

TO ALL WIIOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, Enony McOLINTocIr, of New Brunswick, in the county of Middlesex, and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful lmprovement'in Steam and Water Engines and Pumps; andI de hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the sume, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this speciication. v Y

This invention relates to a new and improved construction-and arrangement of the parts of steam and water engines and pumps, whereby the power may be applied t the pistons in the simplest manner; and the invention consists in the combination of the valve-ports and passages inthe pistons and cylinders, whereby the pistons act as four-way cocks in each of the cylinders, for the distribution of steam or other fluid orliquid for the other cylinder, as will be hereinafter morefully described. Figure I represents a' sectional horizontal plan view of the engine through the line a: a: of fig. 2, showing two cylinders, with a double-acting piston in each, with connecting-rods attached to a main shaft by cranks.

Figure 2 is a vertical section of fig. 1 through the line y y.

Figure 3 is a vertical section through the line e z of fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate coi-responding p zirts.

The peculiarities of this invention are limited to the arrangement of the cylinders and pistons. The guides, governor, and governor-valves, and other details, have been omitted as unnecessary in this description.

The cylinders C and C'are cast together, and lie in a horizontal or other convenient position. The pistons I? and P' are represented as cast solid with thc piston-rod, but they may be constructed and packed, and connected with the main shaft, in any: ordinary manner. There are four valve-ports in'each cylinder; one, S, atV the lower side of the first cylinder C, and one, S', at the lower side of the second cylinder C', both opening from the steam pipe X; one port, E, in the first cylinder C, and one, E', in the secondcylindei C', opening into the exhaust pipe Y, directly opposite each other, at an angle of ninety degrees from the steam-ports just mentioned; one port, U', inthe irst-cylinder, and one port, L, in the second cylinder C', in'each casemidway between the said steam and exhaust-ports, communicating, respectively, the former witli'the upper or forward end of C', and the latter with the loweror rear end of'C. There are also, at an angle of fortylive degrees above the said exhaust-ports, 7one port or passage L', in C, communicating with vthe lower or rear end of C', and one, U, in C', communicating with the upper or forward end ofl C. 'i Each valve-port is equidistant vfrom the ends of the cylinders. vThe passages through the first piston P are so made that when it moves from the middle point of the stroke, away from the shaft, and till it returns, there is communication 'through one passage, a, from the steam pipe S to the passage L', leading to the lower end of cylinder C', and through another passage, b, from the passage U', leading from the upper end of- C' to the'exhaust-port causing, while the said first' piston P is performing thc second half of the down stroke and the rst halfoi" the up stroke, such a circulation of steam to and from the cylinder C' as to produce. a; complete up stroke of the yother piston, P. The other passages, c' and d, are brought into play when the first piston, P, moves from the central positiontowards the shaft, and until it' returns, producing in a similar manner a complete down stroke of the piston P'.4 The passages a', b', e', and cZ' in the-piston P are similarly constructed, distributing the steam in proper manner for the rst cylinder C, and producing the regular reciprocating motion of -the piston P. The starting of the engine is instantly effected upon letting cn the steam, as is the case usually with double-cylinder or right-angled engines.

In speaking of the stroke of the engine, I desire it to be understood that I'mean the passage ofthe piston the length of the cylinder, (a double stroke producing la revolution of the crank,) and that in using the word cylinder I do not confine myself to vessels mathematically cylindrical in shape.

I prefer to employ cylinders and pistons similar in size and arrangement, including length of stroke, although such resemblance is not essential.

This invention is applicable to engines operated by other fluids or liquids, and to pumps, and the water engine may he advantageously used as a meter.

No two of the valve-ports should lie in thesame axial line, as this would compel an enormous increase in length of cylinder and piston, and in order to save space I prefer to have all the .valve-ports in the same transverse plane. Each piston mustbe of such length as to keep the valve-ports separated at all points of its stroke from any communication with the chambers of its own cylinder above and below it; and also of such construction that, 'when at the middle of its stroke, (in point of time,) there shallbe no room for the passage of steam through said valve-ports in any direction. This stoppage of the circulation of steam takes place twice in every double stroke of each piston as it passes the said middle point, the other piston being at such time at the end or dead-point of its stroke.'

There may be no limit to the number-'of valve-ports, but al'l or any of them may bc duplicated or multiplied in number when desired, whether to secure a more perfect equilibrium ot' steam pressure or for other purposes.

The passages in the pistons may be of any desired construction, number, and position, provided they be of such construction, with reference to the valve-ports of the cylinder, that when 4the pistonmoves in one direction from the central position, and until it returns to the same position, there shall be communication for the passage of steam betweenv the steam-port or ports and the port or ports communicating with the upper or first chamber of the other cylinder, and also between the port or ports communicating with the lower or second chamber of the other cylinder and the exhaust-port or ports, 4thus causing the piston of the other cylinder to make a complete stroke; and that when the piston moves in the other direction from the central position, and until it returns to the same position, communications the reverse of the above shall be established, so as to cause the return stroke of the other piston. p

A convenient reversing arrangement consists in the addition of'a valve or valves, of any usual construction, by which the steam may be made to low in the opposite direction through the engine. By this means the functions of the steam and exhaust: pipes maybe interchanged at pleasure. Additional i expansion" or eutoif" arrangements can easily be applied, when desired, according to any of the systems already in use.

Steam engines of all'fof the various kinds, as trunk, locomotive, traction, and re engines, as well as the various models of stationary engines, may bc advantageously,constructed according to my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination of the valve-ports S S', E E', U U', L L', in the 'cylinders C C', and the passages a b c d and a b c d in the double-acting pistons P P', `said pistons serving as four-Way valves, all substantially as hereindescribed, for the purposes specified.

EMORY McCLINTOCK.

Witnesses:

WM. F. McNAMAnA, ALEX. F. ROBERTS. 

